In this presentation we will discuss how to use ESA/MCSA to detect bearing and gear defects in a variety of driven equipment including geared elevators, cooling towers, and other applications, even when we are looking at a few RPM. We will discuss how to determine the correct frequencies as well as how to determine the defect severity amplitudes in -dB, and how to isolate the machine you are testing from nearby machines. Several case studies will be presented including an AC building elevator, a cooling tower, and at least one complex (multi-stage) gearbox using both data collection and continuous monitoring.